Topical Issues of Humanities, Technical and Natural Sciences

The integration experience of Great Britain: history and current realities

Мariia Ishchuk — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Great Britain is one of the most developed countries not only in Europe, but also all around the world.Today, however, it is facing the challenges of the substantial transformations in social, political and economic spheres. The Brexit phenomenon has become an unprecedented case of withdrawing the state-member from the EU. Therefore, many issues relevant to further EU functioning and cooperation with Britain have been generated.

The role of cultural diplomacy in international relations

Vladyslava Ivanikovych — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Cultural diplomacy has been used as an instrument of international relations for centuries. Researchers, travelers, merchants, teachers, and artists can be viewed as the examples of "informal ambassadors" or early "cultural diplomats." Throughout the history of mankind, the processes of exchanging language, religion, ideas, art have consistently improved the relations between different peoples. Modern international relations determine the new content of cultural diplomacy. In an increasingly globalized interdependent world it is cultural diplomacy that is crucial for strengthening peace and stability.

Problems and prospects for the development of relations between the USA and Mexico within “NAFTA”

Valentyna Kalinchuk — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

During the existence of the North American Free Trade Agreement, there were problems and prospects for the development of relations within the organization NAFTA.
For the United States, NAFTA is a way to ensure growth in the geopolitical and economic power of the state. It is a key component of strategic policy aimed at free movement of American services and goods, free access to American investment, protection of intellectual property rights and other benefits through a combination of US investment and technology with Mexican labor and natural resources, owned by both states. For Mexico an organization needs to successfully modernize its economy. By becoming a net exporter of industrial goods, the state has ensured stable economic growth.

Causes, consequences and trends of international labour migration

Olesia Palahniuk — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

International labour migration plays a major role in the overall flow of international economy. Contemporary international labour migration is propelled by globalization and neo-liberal economic policies that promote deregulation of labour markets, including the flow of cheap, low-skilled labour. Today, migration is a global process that affects all countries and continents. The current treatment of migration issues is relevant because the social changes of the last decade have fundamentally modified the political and social situation, and millions of people have become forced migrants

The united nations security council in the light of the COVID-19 pandemic politicization

Vitalii Berehuta — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The United Nations Security Council (further – the UNSC) has become one of the most important intergovernmental international institutions, which is involved in resolving the COVID-19 pandemic as a transboundary biological threat to humanity. At the same time, the institution's activities in 2020 were significantly influenced by the global COVID-19 pandemic politicization process, which manifested in the intentional manipulation of the current pandemic by its Member States to realize foreign policy interests and use the institution's sessions to promote its vision of dealing with the problem. As a result, due to the lack of attention to consensus-building on a common approach to preventing the spread of the virus in the early stages of the pandemic, the UNSC has become the focus of the politicization of the current pandemic, and its ineffective activities have become the subject of political debate about the institution's real ability to address similar potential global biological and other types of threats in the future.

UNDP-Ukraine partnership

Kateryna Shcherbyna — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

After the Crimea Peninsula annexation and the beginning of the conflict in the eastern Ukraine, cooperation between Ukraine and the United Nations Development Program (hereinafter – UNDP) began to develop rapidly. Citizens and state institutions of Ukraine were supposed to have more external assistance. Therefore, the impetus for a new level of cooperation between Ukraine and UNDP was the deteriorating economic situation, declining living standards in Ukraine, human rights violations, and the Government's inability to provide sufficient assistance to conflict victims, children and internally displaced persons. In recent years, effective and time-bound achievement of the UN Sustainable Development Goals has been threatened due to the presence of a significant number of problems and the emergence of new ones.

Foreign policy of middle powers: Sweden’s case

Olha Hanzii — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Middle powers serve as newsworthy example in the sphere of modern international relations research. Case of a state with average indicators in terms of power and capabilities but owing the ability to pursue an active foreign policy and influence the formation of the international agenda, increasing the interest of the world community in important and relevant issues, is more than needed to be analyzed. The case of Sweden in this dimension is significant as this, in many aspects, middle and not superior country has been able to run a highly influential and appreciated foreign policy. Sweden plays a role in the international arena that far exceeds its political, military, and economic parameters. Therefore, Sweden‘s example as a middle power state is the very experience of effectively constructing model of the foreign policy process organization, which can be effective for building the foreign policy of other states, including Ukraine.

International terrorism and attitudes towards migrants in the EU

Valeriia Livandovska — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The unprecedented intensification of terrorist acts and the current problem of the migration process have provoked intense debate among politicians, numerous analysts and scholars as to whether migration is linked to international terrorism. The influx of more than 1.9 million asylum seekers, refugees and migrants to Europe, especially after the war in Syria, has not only shaken the economy but also linked two phenomena – migration and terrorism.
Practice has shown that some political leaders in Europe are increasingly linking the risk of terrorism with migration and deviating from the official EU course in favor of their own national interests, for example, Poland, Italy and Hungary. Most countries have sharply changed their policies towards security, introducing strict control over migrants, given that terrorist groups can use illegal displacement for their own criminal purposes.

Religious factor of anti-migrant attitudes in Germany

Eduard Matviichuk — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

At the present stage, the problems of Germany's migration policy are mostly caused by Muslim refugees from North Africa and the Middle East. This, in turn, causes religious conflicts in Christian Germany. This factor creates a negative image of a migrant in the German society.
The migration policy pursued by the government headed by A. Merkel, in the context of the refugee crisis, is subject to significant criticism from the opposition parties, which are supported by a fairly large number of the German population. Both in Germany and in European countries, nationalist and right-wing populist parties are gaining more and more popularity, in their rhetoric we can see manifestations of xenophobia, racism, etc. Such phenomena can seriously undermine the authority of the state or certain states in the international arena, because they call into question the main pillars of the liberal and democratic world order. One of the main factors in these contradictions is religion, namely Islam. It is one of the most ―triggered‖ topics in the society nowadays. That is no matter how paradoxical it may seem, but in a state that is secular, in which citizens almost do not pay attention to confessional affiliation, one of the most dangerous things that can lead to a serious conflict is the religion, where belonging to Islam can cause serious bias against the person.

The role of think tanks in modern international relations

Hanna Chehorska — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Due to the rapid growth of think tanks in different parts of the world, their influence on world politics is also increasing. They focus scholars‘ attention upon the international issues in order to study the most important political, social, economic issues, as well as to present their ideas and recommendations to government agencies and international organizations, promote international dialogue in finding solutions to the most pressing issues the world community is currently facing. The reputation and effectiveness of expert analytical organizations depend on their ability to ensure professional honesty and objectivity. The effectiveness of their work is also enhanced by the purposeful promotion of their research results, publicizing relevant and popular issues, high-profile conferences and seminars with leading experts and politicians to be involved, innovation on the Internet and social networks.

Leadership deficit in EU

Daria Babii — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

R. Schumann, J. Monnet, J. Besch, A. Spaak are the leaders who were able not only to establish and develop the structure of the modern European Union but as well to endow it with an ideological and substantive component, it is exactly what has made this project a success. Unfortunately, nowadays the issue of BREXIT, the migration crisis, the issue of the place and role of individual states in the Community, the populist sentiments of individuals and states, the priority of national strategies over the collective interest are the manifestation of a serious political crisis of this Organization existence over the last sixty years.

South-East Asia in Japanese foreign policy

Nazar Dorosh — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

South-East Asia has always been of significance to Japan that takes an interest in the area in terms of national strategies, economy and the energy sector. Japan is not the only party concerned with the resources of the region. Recently the competition for spheres of influence has been observed there. China, which is powerful enough to compete with Japan, is currently intensifying cooperation with the countries of South-East Asia. The region has also been of interest to the USA promoting its relationships with both the countries of South-East Asia and China [6]. Due to this Japan finds it increasingly difficult to pursue its policy in the area.

British media as an instrument for creating an image of the royal family

Iryna Maksymova — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The monarch is the image and the face of the country. People are watching them closely and tracking every word of theirs, as well as their act, therefore, they should be very careful in their actions. The same is relevant for all the members of the royal family. It is becoming more special and increasingly important because of the growing influence of the media which now impact our lives. The British royal family owe the mass media their extreme popularity throughout the world, but this also had its own price – now there is not a single step, no mistake that can be kept in secret, and at least the whole Europe will speak about it the next day.
This paper is about the most highlighted and scandalous events of the royal family that British media are so much fond of.

Features of France’s image in the international arena

Viktoriia Avramenko — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The image of France is a multi-structured phenomenon, which covers various areas of the state manifestation in the world (namely in economy, politics, culture, education, science, sports, etc.). It has been formed over the centuries and has been especially modernized in the recent decades. For a modern state, for a state that seeks to position itself in the international arena as one of the best, its image is of paramount importance, that is, what image it has got in the international arena, who is the first to think of it: whether it is a progressive leader in the world or an unstable actor.

US economic diplomacy in Ukraine

Valeriia Skoryk — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The United States recognized Ukraine on December 25, 1991 and after that diplomatic relations between these two countries were established on January 3, 1992. Since Ukraine's independence, the United States has provided practical assistance in establishing itself as a modern democratic and economically developed state.
The United States has granted Ukraine market economy status and terminated the application of the Jackson-Vanik amendment to Ukraine, giving Ukraine permanent normal trade relations status. The United States and Ukraine have a bilateral investment treaty. U.S. exports to Ukraine include coal, machinery, vehicles, agricultural products, fish and seafood, and aircraft. U.S. imports from Ukraine include iron and steel, inorganic chemicals, oil, iron and steel products, aircraft, and agricultural products. The U.S. – Ukraine Council on Trade and Investment was established under the countries‘ agreement on trade and investment cooperation and works to increase commercial and investment opportunities by identifying and removing impediments to bilateral trade and investment flows [3].

Positive and negative components of Israel’s image in the modern international arena

Olha Yavorska — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The image of Israel as a state is a complex phenomenon. It is made up of tradition and innovation, reflects the latest trends and pressing issues of the day, and is clearly linked to both foreign and domestic policy in many areas. The image affects all the spheres of public, socio-economic and political life of the country. In this regard, it can be argued that Israel‟s state image is a tool that helps to support the processes of establishing the state's relations with other players in international relations, while also influencing its internal development and determining the vectors of this development.

Actions of the Russian Federation regarding Ukraine and their impact on russia’s image in the global media

Inha Musiiuk — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Considering the fact that in today's world the role of global media, which act as non-governmental players in the international arena, is steadily growing, and they are increasingly able to influence the behavior of international actors and build their image, taking into account this area becomes especially important in analysis and evaluation of the states actions in general. The Russian Federation is a controversial subject of international relations, whose actions are difficult to predict. This controversial conduct of the state can be traced concerning Ukraine first and foremost. This paper is devoted to the analysis of how the actions commited by the Russian Federation towards Ukraine are presented by the global media, which are currently advocated by such information companies as the BBC and CNN, and how this affects Russia's perception of the world.

Cultural diplomacy of polish cities as a component in promoting the cultural influence of the state

Inna Babii — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Considering changing tendencies in international relations and transition from fight for territories and zones of influence to competition for the hearts and minds of people, Poland in its foreign policy also pays considerable attention to public diplomacy and cultural diplomacy as main voices of ―soft power‖. It is interesting that given general trends of urban development in the EU, Polish cities try to be more active and rational in establishing contacts with other international actors. They regard themselves as non-state international actors. Admitting important part of cities in cultural diplomacy Republic of Poland facilitates strengthening their subjectivity. It also joined to such initiatives of European Commission as Amsterdam partnership 2016, Urban agenda for the EU 2020 and a lot of other initiatives, that demonstrate its willingness to support comprehensive urban development.

Ukraine-NATO relations in 2014-2020

Viacheslav Osadchyi — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

A sovereign and independent Ukraine, steadfastly committed to democracy and the rule of law, is paramount to Euro-Atlantic security. Relations between Ukraine and NATO began to develop in the early 90-s of XX century and have since become one of NATO's most significant partnerships. Since 2014, as a result of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, cooperation between Ukraine and NATO has been intensified in a number of key areas, namely capacity building. Allies continue to condemn Russia's illegal annexation of the Crimea, as well as its destabilizing and aggressive actions in eastern Ukraine and the Black Sea region. NATO's presence in the Black Sea has been increased and cooperation in the naval field between NATO and Ukraine has been intensified.

Hungary-Ukraine bilateral relations: problems, stagnation and misunderstanding

Ihor Shcherbakov — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The relations between Ukraine and Hungary can be partly defined as stable and friendly. Despite the fact, that both Ukrainian and Hungarian sides declared their wish to develop partnership relations, there are things, which are used by both sides as grounds for political tension. Until 2017, relations between Ukraine and Hungary were aimed to become more friendly and strategic. The meetings between officials on different levels stressed the importance of these relations. Moreover, since 2014, Hungary had supported Ukrainian sovereignty and territorial integrity on different levels, and Ukrainian wish to join EU and NATO.

Environmental policy of the United nations

Anastasiia Konova — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The United Nations is the first intergovernmental organization which is responsible for environmental issues; the UN contributes to solving environmental problems at various levels – global, regional and national; the UN is able to implement a comprehensive analysis of environmental issues; the UN includes the vast majority of countries in the world, and therefore has an effective mechanism for coordinating and combining their efforts in solving global environmental problems.

First ladies of the USA as advocates for women's rights

Iryna Bondar — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Today, the figure of the First Lady is an integral part of the US political culture. The wife of the US president has special duties which are not enshrined in the national law, but were established by American society and considered to be obligatory. Domestically, the First Lady is an ―example‖ for a female audience, the embodiment of the values and moral principles of American society, she reflects the public perceptions of the ―ideal woman‘s image‖ of her time period. At the same time, the First Lady is also a representative of American women and an advocate for women`s rights. The president‘s wife may influence the domestic gender policy and decision-making process. That is why the First Lady is analyzed in terms of her contribution to the empowerment of women.

Implementation of US information security in the 2020 presidential election

Illia Chernovol — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The implementation areas of information security carried out by every country are the protection of political, state, public interests, moral values and human rights from internal and external encroachments by potential stakeholders. The goal for the latter is always to meet their own needs, and the issues of responsibility and legality of actions taken by such entities usually do not cause them any concern. At the state level, the most successful event for one country's external interference in another's internal processes is the electoral process and the actual presidential election.

Current trends in the processes of adaptation and integration of muslim refugee women to Germany

Anna Shkodych — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Over the last 20 years the number of migrants has increased significantly. Germany is one of the five world leaders in the number of migrants. This pattern points out that globalization and new trends in international relations are reviving the process of displacement. The problem of the refugees influx into Europe from the war-torn countries of Africa and the Middle East remains relevant, taking the level of conflict in the regions into account.

Public diplomacy as a communication channel of the national brand of Ukraine

Daria Rybak — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The brand of the country is an important tool for its influence on the international arena in the conditions of globalization and innovative progress. It is vital for every country to have a positive international image, but it needs tireless efforts to build it. Pronounced features of the state and its identity form the basis of the national brand that also defines competitive advantage and income of the country, a valuable asset of the economy.

Motivation for the migration of muslims to the USA

Anastasiia Skrypniuk — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

In a world that is constantly getting globalized, the migration phenomenon is natural and predictable. However, the reason for the transition from one place of origin to another for representatives of individual communities always manifests an individual nature and its own specifics. Immigration of Muslims in to the United States is connected with a number of factors and has been taking place over the years. Natives of the Arab world make up a significant share of the population in the European countries and in the United States and are every year gaining more and more influence in public life.

West and russian aggression against Ukraine: quasiliberal leviathan

Danylo Stoliarenko — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Western leadership has historically been the result of a long process and the interaction of many factors, based on a successful model of social development, the core of which is the triad of individualism, market economy and liberal democracy.
The two visions of the West – as a cultural community and a community of highly developed countries – are interconnected, but in the context of the problems of modern world politics, the West is primarily a community of developed democracies, which has acquired diversity and institutionalization, including the form of security systems. Overcoming the entanglement of the West involves the harmonization of values and interests as factors of Western behavior in the international arena.

Environmental safety as a component of Ukrainian national security

Nataliia Humenna — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Environmental issues have long been the subject of both national and global politics. The ecological crisis, which is progressing every year, affects all aspects of life and can depress the socio-economic and political situation both within countries and in the international arena.
To emphasize the importance of environmental security, let us take into account the Paris Climate Agreement, which defines climate change as a common problem for humanity. With this agreement, the countries have established an enhanced system of transparency regarding greenhouse gas emissions [6]. When the United States, led by Donald Trump, withdrew from the agreement in 2020, the international community was moved by the question of the appropriateness of a climate agreement without the United States. However, already in 2021, President Biden, on the first day of his presidency, signed a document to return the United States to the Paris Climate Agreement, because he considers it the basis for global action to avoid a disaster.

European strategic interests in the Middle East

Bohdan Lystsev — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

In recent decades, the Middle East Region has become the epicenter of the struggle between the world's leading powers to establish strategic control over it. Speaking about the geostrategic attractiveness of the Middle East, it is safe to assume that it is dictated not only by its unique natural resource potential.
From the beginning of the Cold War until its end, the Middle East was one of the most "hot spots" in the world. Superpowers have fought for influence in the Middle East, putting serious pressure on direct participants in international relations within the region. After the end of the Cold War, and because Russia no longer had such an influential position in the international arena as the USSR once had, European countries are rapidly returning to the Middle East region, but no longer as separate states, but as the European Union — the only force capable of competing or, for the opportunity or necessity, cooperating with other countries [4].

Transformation of special relations between the USA and the United Kingdom at the present stage

Diana Soldatova — Mon, 21 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

"Special relations" are political, diplomatic, cultural, economic, military, and historical relations between the United Kingdom and the United States of America, as well as between their leaders.
The current stage of this relationship can be considered as "love hatred" because they are characterized by strong love and rivalry at the same time [1].

Cultural factor of Ukraine-EU cooperation

Alona Beldii — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The EU implements many cultural programs in Ukraine. Cultural cooperation between Ukraine and the EU promotes the exchange of artworks and supports artists mobility.

Ukrainian diaspora and the international image of Ukraine

Mariia Medvedieva — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

A positive image of the country is always important. Unfortunately, the image of Ukraine is fragmentary and limited to Chernobyl, the Orange Revolution and the ―post-communist country. In recent years, Euromaidan and the protracted Russian aggression added to the list.
In international relations, a bad or missing reputation is viewed as a weakness and a problem for public policy. Ukraine must build a positive image in the international arena. The formation of a positive image for Ukraine is one of the main tasks for foreign policy. One of the most effective tools can be close cooperation with the Ukrainian diaspora who is a carrier of the Ukrainian language, culture, mentality, and worldview, with which citizens of the countries of emigration Ukrainian can coexist.

European project after Brexit

Ivan Petrychko — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Understanding of modern political and economic processes in Europe, the goals, principles, and mechanisms of functioning of the EU is impossible without analyzing the idea of integration of European peoples in the modern context. At all stages of its development, the "European idea" was geopolitical.[9] The European Union, which continues the process of transformation, has the right to complement the idea of a "united Europe" and, accordingly, to develop the "European project".

Soft or sharp power in China's foreign policy

Anastasiia Plakhotniuk — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The People's Republic of China emerged as a powerful player in the international arena. It also affected Chinese foreign policy consisted of dual trends of "welcoming oneself" (qingjinlai) and "going outside" (zouchuqu). The policy relies on the liberal-democratic paradigm of "soft power." In contrast to the "soft power", Western scholars introduced the concept of "sharp power" for describing the state activities in the international arena. Chinese President Xi Jinping said: "The growth of the world economy requires new drivers, development must be more inclusive and balanced, and the gap between rich and the poor must be reduced. Hotspots in some regions are causing instability and terrorism is thriving. The deficit of world development and governance is a serious challenge for humanity "[4].

International organizations’ role in resolving the conflict in eastern Ukraine

Anastasiia Holovko — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The conflict in eastern Ukraine is taking place in modern conditions and affects not only every Ukrainian but the world community as a whole. Many international organizations are interested in resolving this conflict, helping to overcome the crisis through the introduction of certain missions, providing economic, technical, medical and humanitarian assistance.
The policy problem of this study is that there is insufficient involvement of third parties in resolving the conflict in eastern Ukraine. Thus, the international community should pay even more attention to what is happening in Ukraine, respond to requests from the Ukrainian side for assistance in various fields and involve third parties who will provide important material, technical, economic and humanitarian assistance, create certain measures and initiatives. to overcome the crisis, or will develop already established programs and initiatives.

The influence of Margaret Thatcher's political leadership on UK foreign policy

Anastasiia Hripas — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

British Foreign and domestic policy during Margaret Thatcher‘s rule is of interest to historians, public figures, and political scientists. "Iron Lady" is a political figure of great authority, popularity, and historical significance. She was a firm and unscrupulous politician who achieved her goals. Her political experience of governing Great Britain for ten years is of great historical significance.

The issues in the current system of international relations

Yuliia Palamarchuk — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The Westphalian system is considered to start after the Thirty Years‘ War in 1648. Many authors declare that it is a global system based on the principles of international law in which each state has sovereignty over its territory, to the exclusion of all external powers, with non-interference in another country‘s domestic affairs.

Sports in a COVID-19 pandemic

Volodymyr Hryhoriev — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The COVID-19 caused a global pandemic. It began in Wuhan (China) in December 2019. On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization declared a health emergency and defined it as a pandemic on March 11, 2020.
The global sports industry is estimated at $ 756 billion in annual terms. Sport is a prominent sector in the economy of regions of the world and individual countries. For example, in the EU, the share of GDP related to sports is 279.7 billion euros, which is equivalent to 2.12% of the total EU GDP. Major leagues in the United States (MLB), Major League Soccer (MLS), National Hockey League (NHL), National Basketball Association (NBA), National Football League (NFL), and Europe are projected to be the most affected (English Premier League, Spanish La Liga; cricket, rugby and football in the UK, Italian Serie A, French League 1).

Public diplomacy: sports case

Taras Rachuk — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

International affairs with many centers of power interacting are guided by diverse interests form a hierarchically polycentric structure. According to G. Kissinger, world order is getting constantly transformed to ensure the sustainable development of the relationship and avoid conflicts. Diplomacy is a tool to achieve the common goals of peace and prosperity. G. Palmerston said about Great Britain: ―We have no eternal allies, and we have no perpetual enemies. Our interests are eternal and perpetual, and those interests it is our duty to follow.‖ According to G. Morgenthau political international power relies on the psychological influence of those who have it and those who do not. The powerful party can control the actions of the weak party: and it is called ―smart power‖.

Means and forms of cultural diplomacy

Viktoriia Parchevska — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Cultural diplomacy is implemented through various means and forms of foreign policy. Being in the context of globalization, it influences on the views of the average person in world politics and public opinion, the individual gradually becomes a conditional carrier of cultural diplomacy, the highest value, the criteria for assessing certain events. Such transformations are facilitated by the widespread use of modern technical means of communication, the ability to receive an unlimited amount of information and communicate with almost anyone in real time. Together with the democratic tendencies of free will, the right to peaceful assembly, and the exercise of freedom of speech, the necessary conditions for integrated cultural development are being created.

Formation of the image of Islamic states in the region of Western Europe and North America

Valeriia Syzoniuk — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The image of the state in the international arena is one of the main factors in shaping international relations, a tool for solving the country's competitive problems, and the growing influence of Islam on international relations is one of the important features of modern political life. As a holistic system that encompasses not only the religious worldview in the countries of religion, but also in the world, the definition of the issue is becoming increasingly controversial and ambiguous, attracting much attention from critics and supporters of key principles of the Islamist idea.

From “fake news” to “fake history”: “the sun of ruthenian land” and information warfare

Kyrylo Mieliekiestsev — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

This article concerns rampant falsification of a quote from the hagiographic text ―Life of Alexander Nevsky‖ on Russian popular science and culture websites to promote a specific interpretation of Ruthenian history, along with promoting related current political stances, such as Kremlin authoritarianism and general anti-Western sentiment. Furthermore, it shows how the current historical paradigm in the Russian Federation is centered on appropriating Ukraine‘s old Ruthenian history, rather than studying the actual regional history of Muscovy‘s own central historical regions.

The modern system of international relations: NATO'S role in the context of combating the spread of new security threats

Artur Anisov — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

From the very beginning of the existence of state formations the security of each subject has been extremely important. If we express this need through the prism of modernity and actualization of the concepts known today, the result will be outlining the essence of the problem, as the protection of sovereignty by depriving other actors of the opportunity to interfere in domestic politics. In this way, according to the epoch, it is possible to clearly outline specific phenomena that will be regarded as a direct or indirect threat to safety in the surrounding. As a result, there is an idea of what actually needs to be feared and counteracted to prevent undesirable consequences.

Greta Thunberg’s activities and School Strike for Climate. Main issues and points of view

Nataliia Poltavska — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Today, the problems of environmental pollution and climate change due to their aggravation are becoming more and more discussed. Although almost every state has felt them, the controversy over them are relevant. While some states admit the existence of these problems and take appropriate action, others ignore or deny climate changing or human‘s participation in this process.
The emergence of the quite radical movement School Strike for Climate or as it is also called Fridays for Future was natural. It stands out among other environmental movements and organizations because most of its members are underage schoolchildren and students, and its founder Greta Thunberg is not afraid to accuse world leaders of inaction and ignoring environmental issues which causes the emergence of completely different points of view in society.

Securitization of Ukraine’s information sphere

Viktoriia Vykhrystiuk — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The end of the Cold War caused significant changes in the security environment, both internationally and nationally. These changes have been reflected in the concept of securitization presented by the Copenhagen School of International Security Theory. Unlike the traditional approach, the researchers of this school have developed an expanded understanding of the concept of security, which is no longer limited to just the military discourse. Thus, the theory of securitization allowed to raise the issue of protection of the Ukrainian information sphere to the rank of ―national security‖ issues.

Russia’s current view on strengthening US-Japan security cooperation

Andrii Stadnik — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

According to Russian officials, the main risk the revival of USJapan security cooperation might cause is that it could significantly worsen the dynamics of security in the Asian region. "Active pacifism" was defined as the central concept of Japan's foreign strategy. Unlike the "passive" pacifism of the Cold War period, which is based on force-free approach, "active" pacifism allows force usage to maintain international peace and security. These measures have become a cause for concern among Russian politicians, which is likely to lead to an intensification of its own defense capabilities in the Far East.

“Special relations” as an element of Britain’s foreign policy tradition

Anastasiia Shevchenko — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Researchers have different interpretations of the existence of such phenomenon as ―special (Anglo-American) relations‖, arguing that they are mostly not ―special‖, but simply formed as a permanent choice of Great Britain between the European and American policy vectors. Some argue that choosing between America and Europe is wrong decision, and ―special relations‖ just have been strengthened by the fight against terrorism since 9/11. However, this article will help to clarify that there are a number of features that have emerged since the end of World War II and shape British foreign policy, actively supporting cooperation with the United States in the framework of ―special relations‖.

Media as a means of influencing political preferences on the audience

Karyna Moroz — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

In modern society, the media has become a powerful political institution, without which it is impossible to imagine the actions of public authorities. Electronic media, especially television are of extreme importance nowadays. Thanks to it, public policy has become an extremely effective tool for influencing society, opening up unprecedented opportunities for political orientation and manipulation of public opinion. Therefore, the responsibility of the media to society is growing significantly. The actions of the media in the information space can be reduced to two main types. The first is called mobilization, which includes incitement and propaganda, and the second is called marketing and the use of public relations and political advertising. Usually both types are used in democratic society, but the other is predominant [3].

Information security as part of ukraine’s national security

Alina Savchuk — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Due to the rapid development of information and communication technologies for the effective provision of foreign and domestic policy of the state, information policy is becoming increasingly important. Information security stems from the problem of information provision of both the individual and society as a whole. The issue of information security is especially important for Ukraine, due to the aggression of the Russian Federation, which was not limited to armed confrontation [4]. Therefore, a well-thought-out and balanced information policy can significantly affect the solution of domestic and foreign policy problems.

The image of Ukraine in the world media

Antonina Shevchuk — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

In the 21st century mediatization absorbs all spheres of society, and, hence, international relations. The laws of the media create reality and thus can affect the agenda, the consumer's perception of information on a particular event, situation, political player. Therefore, for the state as a subject of international relations, the image in the world media plays an important strategic role for the image, its public diplomacy and in many other important areas. The main source from where the foreign community receives information about Ukraine is the global media. Contradictory and ambiguous image of Ukraine in the world media, as well as mostly negative connotations of reports about Ukraine in the global network, directly affect the image of the state in the IR system.

French migration policy

Viktoriia Larina — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

In the second half of the twentieth century, rapid integration processes began in Europe, and in particular the problems of adapting national cultures to each other and the development of a common European identity played a significant role. The search for a new pan-European identity got complicated by the large influx of immigrants to Western Europe. If before the 1960-s and 1970-s Europeans faced, by and large, only difficulties in overcoming economic, social and cultural differences between European states, then now it is impossible not to reckon with people from other parts of the world who also live in Western Europe.

The unemployment rate in Ukraine during the COVID-19 pandemic

Anna Vyshnivska — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Today, the unemployment rate is closely linked to the epidemiological situation in Ukraine. Hospitalization and morbidity rates are rising rapidly every day, forcing the authorities to introduce quarantine restrictions. It leads to the stagnation of economic activity with mass layoffs, financial deficits, loss of market access, complex regulation, and additional tax pressures.

Current situation in the agricultural sector in Ukraine

Olha Piziuk — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Most experts agree that current agricultural sector is one of the most important composites of the economic system in Ukraine. It is a main budgetgenerating source and ranks second in the commodity structure of exports. Ukrainian agriculture meets the domestic demand for quality food products. Ukraine has about 60% black soil, a favorable climate, skilled agricultural workers. However, the share of agriculture in the gross domestic product (GDP) is 8.9% or UAH 360 billion. As numbers show it does not slow down in the COVID -19 crisis.

Space analysis: prospects of its use at small and medium-sized enterprises of Ukraine

Alina Zavydovska — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Businesses of all types operate in their own way. Therefore, they develop and implement their unique strategies. In order to succeed and operate efficiently, enterprises need to develop a long-term development strategy to respond quickly to political and economic changes and attract investments.
Nowadays, modern small and medium-sized businesses in Ukraine are facing numerous challenges. This situation is caused not only by economic and political instability in the country, but by the underdeveloped system of strategic analysis in enterprises. Most experts abroad use the SPASE Analysis method to develop a strategy and comprehensive assessment of the external and internal environment of small and medium-sized enterprises.

The essence of the low touch economy as an unstable economic environment

Pavlo Panasiuk — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Crisis events and processes caused by the COVID-2019 pandemic are one of the most important problems for today‘s economy. The paper analyzes the current economic situation in a pandemic and describes the necessity to introduce a new phenomenon and concep a "low touch economy".

Round-trip transactions and their role in Ukraine’s foreign direct investment

Viktoriia Kraievska — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Round-trip transactions are an interesting mechanism in the investment market. It is widespread in all countries of the world and poses major difficulties in the foreign direct investment study. In Ukraine, there is an annual increase in the percentage of round-tripping investments. That is why this topic is relevant at the present stage of development of the word economy. Such investments are difficult due to the need for data from multiple countries, long-term tracking and complicated networks.

The impact of globalization processes on cross - cultural communication between companies

Yuliia Neholiuk — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

In the global environment, the ability to communicate effectively can be a challenge. Even when both parties speak the same language, there can still be misunderstandings due to ethic and cultural differences. Over the last decade, there have been countless examples from the business sector that demonstrate how.

Calculation of the optimal volume of production and maximum profit of the enterprise by mathematical method

Anna Levchuk — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

In order to manage a monopoly enterprise effectively, it is necessary to know the optimal number of products to be produced and at what price they to be sold. If the price set by the monopolist is too high, the demand for such products will be low. And if the volume of production for some reason will be greater than optimal, the monopolist, in order to sell all products on time, and to avoid surplus, will have to reduce the price of goods. Moreover, the company's profit will increase due to increased sales (income) and at the same time decrease due to falling prices (costs).

Current state of Canada’s economy

Oksana Barvinchenko — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Canada‘s economy is highly developed and has the ninth largest nominal GDP. Like in other developed countries, the service sector, which employs about three-quarters of Canadians, dominates the country‘s economy. Canada has the third highest total estimated natural resource, valued at $ 33.2 trillion. It has the third largest proven oil reserves in the world and is the fourth largest oil exporter. Canada is very reminiscent of the United States for its market economy. Leading industries include automotive and other industries, forest products, minerals and oil. About three-quarters of Canada‘s exports join the United States, so the continuation of free trade agreements with the South Court is crucial to Canada's economic well-being.

Thucydides Trap as a new reality of US-Chinese relations

Viktoriia Porokhnia — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

History abounds with examples of things that seemed good ideas at the time, but turned out to be disastrous. In 2015, Graham Alison, a political scientist and professor at Harvard University, identified a scenario he called the Thucydides Trap.

Commodity policy of the enterprise

Dmytro Shchur — Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Commodity policy plays a significant role in marketing and commercial activities of the enterprise during competition period in the market. It aims to determine the company‘s concrete steps to satisfy the needs of customers in goods and services.

Dropshipping as a modern business model

Maryna Ivaniuk — Wed, 23 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

In recent years, the Internet has become an integral part of human life and, as a result, e-commerce has been developing rapidly. There are many alternative ways of doing e-business, one of which is Dropshipping. The topic is relevant today, because the term itself is relatively new. Therefore, the concept of how the process itself proceeds from taking an order to delivering the goods to the buyer, can be a problem for the supplier or intermediary, and was not fully researched.

Transformation of protectionism policies in the context of international economic relations development

Petro Atamanenko — Wed, 23 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

With the active development of international economic relations, the policy of protectionism was transformed into a new policy that is attractive to many countries, and as a result, this economic policy is gaining popularity again, so it is important to understand the essence of its transformation and new trends.

Consequences of Brexit for the UK and the future of international cooperation

Iryna Bila — Wed, 23 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

In the context of political and economic growth and the rapid development of the European Union, Britain's application to withdraw from EU membership was a surprise not only for Europe and the world, but also for the United Kingdom itself. Therefore, the study of the reasons for Britain's withdrawal from the EU and identify ways of future cooperation with powerful and highly developed countries is relevant today, as Brexit reached its end, and became the first example of the country's withdrawal from the European Union.

The impact of corporate culture on company’s activity

Anastasiia Biloshkap — Wed, 23 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

In Ukraine, as in many other post-Soviet countries, the social and economic system is changing. For its more effective development, it is important to consider that the economic element is a person. Cultural factors have a significant influence on its activity. Therefore, the identification of the main factors of the corporate culture that affect the company is an important and relevant aspect of the chosen research topic.

Digitalization policy as one of the factors of enterprise competitiveness in Ukraine

Nataliia Kryvenko — Wed, 23 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Digitalization is one of the promising and progressive development of enterprises. This leads to the search for new approaches in the use and processing of data, a system of optimization for the efficient and competitive running of business. The relevance of the topic is a necessity to provide the enterprise with high-quality skills for further development. As enterprises move to innovation, all the processes will be optimized and innovated, so, the enterprise will significantly improve its competitiveness.

Problems of unemployment in Ukraine before and during the pandemic

Anna Hapoyants — Wed, 23 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The study of the unemployment problem in Ukraine is quite relevant today as it creates a number of problems both socially and economically, such as the reduction of purchasing power of the population, the loss of taxpayers for the budget and personnel for enterprises.

Public service: concept, international experience

Kateryna Lapchevska — Wed, 23 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Today, the Ukrainian population as a whole is dissatisfied with the work of the state apparatus and public servants in general, and shows strong dissatisfaction and frustration. In order to understand the root of the problem, it is necessary to dive in and consider the related issue of defining the concept and content of public service.

Metaphorical vocabulary in the novel of Dara Korniy «The Diary of Mavka»

Anastasiia Zhyhai — Wed, 23 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

In the article the functions of metaphorical vocabulary in the modern Ukrainian language have been researched; metaphors in Dara Korniy's novel «The Diary of Mavka» have been analyzed according to the semantic and stylistic criteria. Metaphor is one of the most productive tools of language enrichment, at the same time it is a means of conceptualizing reality and forming public views. Often, we do not even think that a particular expression or phrase is metaphorical, because their imagery is no longer observed. Metaphor is an integral part of any literary style, language, speech. It permeats our daily lives. The theory of metaphor foundations were laid in antiquity (the works by Aristotle, Cicero and oth.). In a broad cultural sense, this concept is used not only in linguistics, but also in philosophy, psychology, literary criticism. Even the oldest orator of ancient Rome, Cicero, noted: «There is no path more brilliant, which gives the language the most vivid images than metaphor» [1]. The most prominent thinkers — Aristotle, Rousseau, Hegel, Ernst Cassirer, Jose Antonio Ortega and many others studied the metaphor issues. Metaphor still attracts the attention of various sciences and studies, which define its essence differently. In linguistics, the study of metaphorization has become especially relevant (Nina Arutyunova, Yuri Karaulov, Veronica Teliia, Viktor Kharchenko, etc.).

Comparison of intonation contours in different speech styles texts

Iryna Komar — Wed, 23 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The issue of using appropriate intonation for emotional expressions and decoding their meaning in oral discourse is currently viewed as one of the most relevant and pressing multifaceted problems of intonology.

Gender features of intonation contours

Iryna Sobko — Wed, 23 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

In modern linguistics, the anthropocentric approach to the study of linguistic phenomena directs researchers to establishing the models of language functions taking into account the human worldview in particular. In this approach, speech is a product of a person's view of the world through the prism of the evaluation category. The features identification of verbalizing roles, norms, and values that society assigns to men and women takes the predominant place in sociolinguistic research on the modernization of the evaluation category. The relevance of the study determines the emphasis of modern linguistics on the study of speech phenomena in terms of the interaction of language and society, where speech is a product of an individual‘s gender behavior. Experimental phonetic study of intonation contours in the gender aspect contributes to the understanding of the differences between the intonation of men‘s and women‘s speech contours.

Content analysis of the “Natali” magazine

Diana Lokshyna — Wed, 23 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The mass media shape and change the image of the world by influencing the population. Journalists voice, form, shape public opinion by covering current events with emotional appeal. Women's magazines play an important role in the media.

Astronomical lexicon in Kornii’s novel "Zirka dlya tebe" [a Star for you]

Viktoriia Sahal — Wed, 23 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The earliest written records of astronomical activity were recorded in the II-I millennium BC. BC in Babylon. The first astronomical monuments appeared in the Ukrainian lands only in the period of Trypillia culture (it is about VI millennium BC - the beginning of III millennium BC). Astronomy – the oldest science, the cause of which was the need to navigate in space and time. The astronomical lexicon plays an important role as part of the common lexical system.

Colour idioms used in english business discourse

Oleksandra Malytska, Anastasiia Pobihai, Nataliia Ishchuk — Wed, 23 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

There is no denying the fact that idioms can be found in different languages and cultures, as they help speakers to express feelings and emotions not directly, but in a metaphorical way, which makes the language and speech more vivid and expressive.
Colour idioms are widespread in all the aspects of the English language including English business and business discourse. Study of colour idioms and idiomatic expressions as a language unit that provides the richest national peculiarities of target language culture is considered to be important in order to adequately understand target language speakers. This is especially topical for the business discourse and communication. The paper investigates the frequency and variety of idioms and idiomatic expressions used in business discourse of the English language.

Idioms in business communication and their translation from english into ukrainian

Nataliia Ishchuk, Vadym Pshenychnyi — Wed, 23 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Nowadays, many idioms are used in business discourse. Without knowing idiomatic expressions, one may find it difficult to follow a conversation of any kind, especially when it comes to making deals. For businesses of different sizes, cultural diversity can be a big factor for the company‘s productivity and performance especially if employees are not able to communicate properly with each other. According to L. Bukingham ―idioms are widely recognized to be a stumbling block in the acquisition of a foreign language; it is often maintained that their ‗arbitrary‘, language-specific nature makes them difficult for learners to understand and acquire, and resistant to translation‖ [3]. Thus, the issue under consideration is hot and relevant.

Translating english economic prefixal terms into ukrainian

Nataliia Ishchuk, Kateryna Lushtei — Wed, 23 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Due to the constant development of the modern Ukrainian language there have been appeared a lot of new economic terms. The problem of translating terms from English into Ukrainian remains one of the most topical one in translation studies. The challenge for term translation lies in the fact that term components in the source and the target language often do not coincide. Therefore, the study of the translation of economic English prefixal terms is becoming increasingly important.

Translating simple economic terms from english into ukrainian

Nataliia Ishchuk, Aliona Plionsak — Wed, 23 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Translation of simple economic terms serves as a basis for further search and analysis of the necessary information. This is one of the most difficult types of translation, as the result depends on its authenticity and correctness. Economic translation requires the knowledge and skills of a researcher. The person who is engaged in such translations, first of all should be the professional, should know features of this branch of translation, have the increased responsibility, be able to concentrate on the smallest details.

Comparative characteristics of ukrainian and english phraseological units

Maryna Kucheruk — Wed, 23 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Phraseological units are stable, emotionally charged phrases that, unlike ordinary word combinations, are not created in speech, but are reproduced in it as indivisible units with a solid figurative meaning. They are one of the most effective ways of forming speech and are used for brevity or for a vivid emotional assessment of what is described. They are individual for each language and reflect the unique mentality of the nation, it is history and customs, as they were formed in relation to the surrounding realities and features of people's perception. Currently, phraseological units are a big problem for translators, as it requires finding the most accurate equivalent depending on the context.

Language tools for expressing sympathy

Veronika Pylypenko — Wed, 23 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

People have different feelings during their life. Mainly they do not pay attention to the forms in which people can and should express their feelings and emotions. In this area there is one of the most unique techniques, namely language expression.

Translation strategies in the rendition of the sonnet “The Human Seasons” by keats and the “Sonnet v” by Shakespeare

Ayana Tolymbekova, Dilnaz Dzhambakieva — Wed, 23 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The paper deals with the lingual-stylistic analysis of the sonnets by Keats and Shakespeare, ―The Human Seasons‖ and ―Sonnet V‖ respectively. The sonnets of both poets attract the readers with their similar topic of ―human essence‖; the usage of figurative language and the awesome beauty of their soundness. Due to these facts, the current work makes attempts to analyze the closest to the original translations of the mentioned sonnets. Literary work is a special world where special rules of perception and understanding of it exist. Sometimes it is very difficult to understand what a poet wanted to say in his work, so analysis is helpful. The main task of translation is the creation of the translation that, in terms of its functional characteristics, is capable to render the original text. Translation of poetic forms is the most difficult type of translation, since the translator must convey all the thoughts and emotions of the author in verse. Conversion and a large number of short words in English can cause difficulties in translation of poems from English into Russian. The purpose of turning to the chosen poems can be explained by the similarity of the topics covered in them.

Derivation in marketing terminology

Olha Fedchenko — Wed, 23 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

In modern English, there are several types of word formation, each of which is important and has its own specific features. Different types of word formation provide opportunities for a quality understanding of English terms and characterize the features of language culture. Marketing terminology is highly dynamic part of business discourse, with new terms emerging due to the developments in this field. Thus, studying the ways the marketing terms are formed is topical and relevant.

The category of fake in present-day linguistic studies

Vira Kalinichenko — Wed, 23 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The category of fake has always been used on purpose as a tool for manipulating the collective and individual consciousness of the society members in order to create a false mental worldview. Undoubtedly, the effectiveness of the universal linguistic and philosophical opposition truth – untruth (lie/false) has been observed at all stages of human civilization development and in all spheres of human activity. In particular life contexts one may deal with such verbal manifestations of the fake category as misinformation, insinuation, slander, deception, fabrication, etc., that are able to verbalize the category under consideration at all levels of the language system, objectifying it in different types of discourse throughout the knowledge system.

Bullying as a social phenomenon

Bohdan Yavhusishyn — Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Bullying is something, that most of the victims of such phenomenon will not talk about, as it is a painful experience for them and they are afraid of being exposed. In recent years, there was a lot of different news about bullying, and all of them with various conditions and consequences. So, educational institutions in some countries provide various systems against bullying.

Problem of suicide

Yevhenii Fedorenko — Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Suicide has always aroused interest, compassion, and, as a result, the desire to understand the roots and origins of this phenomenon. This is a phenomenon with multidisciplinary nature. This topic is not popular in society because of the moral sides of it, people are afraid. But that problem is still here, and we must talk, research more about it. We must help people to prevent more deaths and make them feel comfortable in their life. The research describes suicides from a sociological point of view.

Gender stereotypes in modern society

Ruslana Matviychuk — Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

A gender stereotype is a generalized view or preconception about attributes or characteristics, or the roles that are or ought to be possessed by, or performed by women and men. A gender stereotype is harmful when it limits women‘s and men‘s capacity to develop their abilities, pursue their professional careers, and make choices about their lives [1]. Many of the gender stereotypes we know today were not always present in the past; they are relatively new trends in human society. This is because social expectations of each gender change over time, and often develop differently in cultures around the world.

Usage of mathematics in other sciences

Daria Bevz — Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Mathematics is the science of quantitative relationships and spatial forms of the real world. It includes such disciplines as arithmetic, algebra, geometry, trigonometry, higher mathematics (analytic geometry, linear algebra, calculus, differential, and integral calculus, etc.). Each of them studies quantitative relations and spatial forms of the world in a special aspect and acts by their methods. Mathematics is one of the most important sciences. Today there are no spheres of human life where mathematics is not needed. Not a single discovery can be done without it, not a single invention works, not a single enterprise or state functions, therefore, the range of everything where mathematics is needed is quite wide.

Prevention of the development of the side effects during using dexamethasone ( experimental study)

Alisa V. Pachevska, Wiktoria Bialoszycka, Zanna Loretta Bialoszycka — Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

World Health Organization (WHO) Director-General Tedros Adan Ghebreyesus has named dexamethasone as the only effective drug for severe cases of COVID-19. Already in June 2020, Gebreyesus called for an increase in the production of dexamethasone for the treatment of severe patients. On 2 September 2020, WHO issued an interim guideline for the use of dexamethasone based on evidence from seven clinical trials. The document contains two recommendations: WHO strongly recommends oral or intramuscular administration of corticosteroids (dexamethasone) for the treatment of patients with severe and critical COVID-19; the regimen and duration of the course is carried out once a day for 7-10 days at a dose of 6 mg.

Brain stimulation therapies

Kateryna Saienko — Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Mental disorders are one of the most difficult medical problems affecting people around the world. These changes can directly or indirectly affect a person's lifestyle in society, his ability to work, the ability to perform daily tasks, and adequately perceive events around him.
Brain stimulation therapy plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of mental defects. Brain stimulation therapy aims at activation or inhibition of the brain activity directly by electricity. The electricity itself can be supplied by electrodes that are implanted in the brain or non-invasively through electrodes placed on the scalp [1]. Although these therapies are used less frequently than drug treatment; they treat mental disorders that are not treated with medication and other treatments.

Robotic surgery as one of the most interesting areas of digital health

Yevheniia Saienko — Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Medicine around the world is closely linked to modern technologies that are designed to increase the efficiency of medical care and make medicine more personalized. One of the most interesting areas of Digital Health is robotic surgery [1]. It is one of five the most successful technological areas that modernize medicine and the health care system. In the late 90`s a universal, robotic, surgical system [1] with remote control – a da Vinci surgical system- was created.

The fourth generation of human rights: general theoretical aspect

Bohdana Dovhan — Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Today, humanity is at a qualitatively new stage of evolutionary development. The scientific and technological revolution of the late XX – early XXI centuries, accompanied by incredible discoveries in medicine, biology, genetics, the rapid development of information and communication technologies and the popularization of digital space have led to significant changes in human consciousness and a new generation of people called "generation Z". This led to the modernization of social relations, including legal ones. So, issues related to the use of the Internet, virtual reality, euthanasia, sex change, organ transplantation, artificial insemination, cloning, etc. have become increasingly popular. The need for regulation of new social phenomena gave rise to the fourth generation of human rights (next – FGHR).

Effect of oxidative action of potassium hexacyanopherate (III) on hemoglobin

Anastasiіa Karpinska — Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Hemoglobins are structurally related proteins in the erythrocytes of vertebrates. They perform two important biological functions: they transfer O2 from the lungs to peripheral tissues and CO2 and protons from peripheral tissues to the respiratory organs for further excretion from the body [1: 55]. The interaction of hemoglobin (Hb) with the oxygen molecule is a complex process that includes changing the spin state of the iron ion, increasing the size of the porphyrin cycle nucleus, changing the tertiary structure of the corresponding subunit, rearranging the quaternary structure of the whole Hb molecule. Under certain conditions, equilibrium oxygen binding can switch to an irreversible autooxidation reaction to methemoglobin (metHb). This process is the main source of oxygen free radicals in the erythrocyte, namely superoxide radicals (О2 - ×).

Development of the program “Department”

Anastasiia Neskorodieva, Illia Stavytskyi — Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The process of solving any complex problem can be divided into three interrelated global stages, which are shown in figure 1 [1].
First, as we see, we must build a model of our system, or in other words, formalize the problem.

Interpol activities to coordinate cooperation to fight cyber crime

Mariia Nadolna, Anastasiia Rudenko — Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

In today‘s world, information technology has spread to all areas of society, providing access to a large amount of information that becomes a weapon in the hands of criminals. Therefore, high-tech crime occupies a special place among socially dangerous acts and is one of the threats to the global security of mankind.

Administration of justice by a judge: ethical principles

Anhelina Horbatiuk — Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Modern life has rapid progress in various public spheres and our country is now at a decisive stage in its development. Society has high demands for the integrity and effective performance of all government institutions. This places great responsibility on the judicial system, namely, on judges as main guardians of rights and freedoms, and the last hope for those seeking justice. Judges are always in the spotlight, both while rendering justice an off the bench, and all concerns related to their actions and domestic behaviour are assessed by society. Therefore, judges must at all times demonstrate impeccable behaviour and act as ―role models‖ to promote public confidence in the entire judicial system.

Reasons and attitude towards the existence of corruption in Ukraine

Daria Klapoushchak — Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Corruption is a negative social phenomenon and the source of economic, political and social risks born by Ukrainian society. Notably, the damaging effect of corruption manifests itself in the decline of the prestige and credibility of the authority on all levels, destruction of moral pillars of society, the merger of the corrupt public officials with criminal shadow circles, and the threat of the development of pseudo civilian relations. The effect of the social aspects of corruption is evident in the political, economic, cultural and other areas of activity of the Ukrainian society, and its scale has reached almost a critical extent. The currently observed impact of corruption on the administrative and social environment of civil servants, the transformation of their moral norms and values, and the corporate culture of civil service is substantial.

Information culture of the lawyer

Viktor Ivanets — Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Today, information is the main object of the information society, and its role today is difficult to overestimate. With the advent of new information technologies, information becomes a constant and necessary attribute to ensure the activities of the state, legal entities, NGOs and citizens. Our society puts a great responsibility on lawyers because these are people who, due to the information, help to defend the rights and interests of those who need it. The reliability of information is of particular importance to a lawyer. There are cases in legal practice when under the guise of presenting reliable facts misinformation is planted for one reason or another. Then the lawyer must resort to reinformation, i.e. to restore the natural authenticity of the facts.

Topical issues of ensuring young people’s right to their first job

Alina Buravska — Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Young people between the ages of 14 and 28 are one of the vulnerable categories on the labour market, despite their lack of professional experience or profession or speciality, especially when it comes to school students. Young people, therefore, are often discouraged from finding a decent job in our country if they are rejected for lack of experience. As a consequence, young potential workers are migrating abroad. According to statistics from Solutions for Youth Employment: Civil Society Impact in Ukraine, Georgia and Moldova, in 2019, among those who have been looking for a job for more than a year, the unemployed under the age of 34 were around 40% [2]. Today, the issue has become even more acute, as the economic crisis due to COVID-19 is reducing job opportunities.

Assessment of student welfare in Ukraine in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

Viktoriia Levchuk, Iryna Mandryka — Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

In the modern world students face with the new reality of education and the social distancing and a distant learning become a part of our culture.
Students are obliged to accept the new methods of keeping in touch with their groupmates, friends and teachers. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Government of Ukraine has introduced some temporary restrictive measures, including suspension of offline learning and transition to studying via the Internet, using online learning technologies, various e-learning platforms, such as Moodle, videoconferences (Zoom, Google classroom, Microsoft class etc.), social networking sites, etc. Sometimes these changes can lead some students to feel helpless and overwhelmed.

Ensuring protection of personal information security

Liliia Kovalchuk — Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The twenty-first century is characterized by global changes in new technologies, that have helped to build the information society. But the increase in information resources has led to the spread of threats to the individuals. The development of IT technologies has contributed to the violation of psychological, social and moral aspects of human consciousness, due to the inaccuracy of information, the spread of gambling addiction, the broadcast of scenes of violence and etc.

Personality of a criminal with mental disorders: some aspects

Oleksandra Hrabar — Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The personality of a criminal in criminology is one of the key problems, and its study is one of the central problems of theoretical and practical significance. Its essence is that a crime, mostly being an act of conscious human behavior, is largely determined by the nature and characteristics of the person who chooses this form of behavior. Accordingly, a successful fight against crime is impossible without taking into account the personal factor, which determines the relevance of the chosen topic.

Parliamentary immunity as a parliamentary privilege

Sofiia Shuliak, Yelyzaveta Reivakh — Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Parliamentary privileges are an essential part of the parliamentary democracy. They exist to enable parliaments to perform their functions effectively. The term ‗privilege‘, in relation to parliamentary privilege, refers to an immunity from the ordinary law, which is recognized by the law as a right of the houses and their members. Privilege in this restricted and special sense is often confused with privilege in the colloquial sense of a special benefit or special arrangement. The word ‗immunity‘ is best used in relation to privilege in the sense of immunity under the law. The concept of parliamentary privileges includes deputy inviolability.

Committing a crime by inaction

Liia Pochapska — Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The concept of crime combines action and inaction as two forms of harm to public relations protected by the Criminal Code and other laws of Ukraine in the legislation. They are combined into a common term – deed.
The problem of inaction is important not only for lawyers, but also for ordinary citizens who are not involved in jurisprudence. This topic requires a deep research.

Clean environment – successful community

Ivanna Nepyivoda — Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

Ecology is one of the most important factors that influence human health. Green forests, ecologically clean rivers and reservoirs, fresh air, all these are sufficient for human health. However, every year the environmental conditions in Ukraine deteriorate: the amount of garbage emissions increases, as a result, we have huge landfills which litter the biosphere, releasing harmful chemicals that influence human life.
Thus, the issue of distinguishing the causes of the problem given and finding the preventative measures is under consideration nowadays. The main cause of the global environmental catastrophe is human negligence and indifference because people not thinking about the consequences neglect the fact of landfills appearance. Due to the raise of humans‘ awareness and technological progress there is a solution.

The impact of family structure on the health of children: effects of divorce

Vlada Suleimanova — Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0200

The demographics of families are changing, and with that, the philosophical underpinnings of relationships are also changing. Many young adults consider marriage is old-fashioned and open cohabitating relationships provide a healthier option that is more conducive for personal development.